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Antioxidanter hæmmer aldersrelateret svækkelse af immunsystemet

Antioxidanter hæmmer aldersrelateret svækkelse af immunsystemetSelv tidlige aldringsprocesser skader centrale dele af immunforsvaret, så vi bliver mere sårbare over for infektioner, inflammationer og kræft. Men nu viser flere studier, hvordan antioxidanter som vitamin C og selen kan rette op på skaderne.

Når immunforsvaret fungerer optimalt, er vi stort set uimodtagelige for smitte. Det er også immunforsvarets opgave at rense blodet for toksiner, destruere abnorme celler og forebygge kræft. Derfor er det livsvigtigt med et stærkt immunforsvar. Hele livet.

De frie radikaler fremmer aldringsprocesserne

Det ene studie blev udført i Florida af forskere fra The Scripps Research Institute, og det understøtter teorien om, at frie radikaler hænger sammen med aldringsprocesser. For det første er de frie radikaler et biprodukt af vores egen energiomsætning, som med årene bliver mere mangelfuld, og derved skaber flere frie radikaler. For det andet øges påvirkningen af frie radikaler gevaldigt af stress, betændelser/inflammationer, tobaksrøg, miljøgifte, medicin og stråling.
De frie radikaler er nogle særdeles aggressive molekyler, som angriber celler og væv, og som med tiden fremmer aldringsprocesserne og aldersrelaterede sygdomme.

Nydannelse af hvide blodlegemer bør følge med tab og behov

I det omtalte forsøg havde forskerne fokus på en af immunforsvarets vigtigste kirtler kaldet thymus (brislen), som sidder lige bag brystbenet. Thymus er ansvarlig for dannelsen af en type specialiserede, hvide blodlegemer kaldet T-celler, som normalt bør kunne angribe mikroorganismer og abnorme potentielle kræftceller celler hurtigt og effektivt. Da T-cellerne har en begrænset levetid, er det thymus´ opgave at danne nye T-celler i takt med tabet og behovet. Men ifølge Dr. Howard Petrie begynder thymus at skrumpe allerede i den tidlige voksenalder, samtidig med at kirtlen mister mere og mere af sin funktion.

Mangel på antioxidanter fører til celleskader på thymus

Forskerne undersøgte forskellige celletyper i thymus på mus, og de observerede, at mangel på antioxidantenzymet catalase førte til produktion af frie radikaler, hvilket forøgede celleskaderne på kirtlen.
Derefter øgede forskerne mængden af catalase i musenes thymus, og forskerne observerede, at musene på denne måde var i stand til at bevare størrelsen af deres thymus i en længere periode.
Forskerne var også i stand til at opretholde størrelsen af thymus i dyrene ved at give dem forskellige antioxidanter i kosten - herunder vitamin C.

Nye teorier om hvorfor thymus skrumper

Det store spørgsmål er stadig, hvorfor thymus skrumper hurtigere i størrelse i forhold til andre væv. Mens andre forskere har påpeget sammenhængen med kønshormoner, afslører det nye studie, at aldringsprocessen i thymus er den samme som i andre væv. Men når aldringsprocessen foregår så meget hurtigere i thymus, kan det ifølge det nye forsøg hænge sammen med mangel på antioxidant enzymet catalase, hvor der er fundet højere niveauer i andre væv.
Andre forsøg har vist en sammenhæng mellem indskrumpning af pinealkirtlen i hjernen og thymus. Pinealkirtlen er en overordnet kirtel, der regulerer mange funktioner i kroppen, herunder vores døgnrytme og fertilitet, og dens indskrumpning har også stor betydning for aldringsprocesserne.

Lavt selenindhold i kosten skader thymus og T-celler

Der er meget selen i thymus, milt og lymfeknuder, og her fremmer selen dannelsen og aktiviteten af T-celler og andre hvide blodlegemer. Selen er desuden en vigtig antioxidant, som blandt andet beskytter thymus og T-celler mod de frie radikaler.
Ikke desto mindre har andre forsøg på kyllinger afsløret, at lavt selenindhold i kosten får thymus til at skrumpe hurtigere og forringer T-cellernes aktivitet i blodet.

Får du nok selen?

Jorden i Europa er generelt fattig på selen, hvilket resulterer i selenfattige afgrøder. En kost uden indmad, fisk og skaldyr bidrager yderligere til et lavt selenindtag. Danskernes gennemsnitlige selenindtag ligger et stykke under anbefalet daglig tilførsel, ADT, som er sat til 55 mikrogram, og det ligger langt under indtaget i mange andre lande. Anbefaling af højere doser selen - det vil sige mere end 100 mikrogram daglig - kan dog kun ske som lægemiddel, som kan købes i håndkøb.

Meget tyder på

at frie radikaler svækker immunforsvaret, hvilket fremmer aldringsprocesserne. Det er som en ond cirkel - med mindre vi garderer os med antioxidanter som C-vitamin og selen i tide.

 

Referencer:

James Mcintosh: Age-related immune system decline slowed by antioxidants. Medical News Today 2015

Scripps Research Institute. Study shows how aging cripples the immune system, suggesting benefits of antioxidants. Science Daily. 2015

X Peng et al. Low dietary selenium induce increased apoptotic thymic cells and alter peripheral blood T cell subsets in chicken. Biol Trace 2011

Danmarks Fødevare forskning: Selen og sundhed

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  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`2.85ms3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`tag_id`,`t`.* FROM `has_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `has_tags` AS `t` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` WHERE `m`.`type_alias` = :contentType AND `m`.`content_item_id` = :id AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)22.9ms4.09KBParams/libraries/src/Helper/TagsHelper.php:388Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`542μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM has_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `has_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN has_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN has_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN has_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN has_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id LEFT JOIN `has_fields_categories` AS fc ON fc.field_id = a.id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND (`fc`.`category_id` IS NULL OR `fc`.`category_id` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3)) AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9) ORDER BY a.ordering ASC331μs4.81KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id135μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id72μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`language`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`a`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `a`.`id`, `a`.`alias`) ELSE a.id END AS `slug`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`cc`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `cc`.`id`, `cc`.`alias`) ELSE cc.id END AS `catslug` FROM `has_content` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `cc` ON `cc`.`id` = `a`.`catid` WHERE `a`.`catid` = :catid AND `a`.`state` = :state AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND (`publish_up` IS NULL OR `publish_up` <= :nowDate1) AND (`publish_down` IS NULL OR `publish_down` >= :nowDate2) AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) ORDER BY CASE WHEN `a`.`publish_up` IS NULL THEN `a`.`created` ELSE `a`.`publish_up` END DESC42.89ms161.75KBParams/plugins/content/pagenavigation/src/Extension/PageNavigation.php:188Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`385μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT custom_data FROM has_extensions WHERE element = 'yootheme' AND folder = 'system' LIMIT 1145μs536B/templates/yootheme/packages/platform-joomla/src/Storage.php:30Copy
  • SELECT `language`,`id` FROM `has_menu` WHERE `home` = '1' AND `published` = 1 AND `client_id` = 0324μs704B/libraries/src/Language/Multilanguage.php:123Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id96μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id97μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `c2`.`language`,CONCAT_WS(':', `c2`.`id`, `c2`.`alias`) AS `id`,CONCAT_WS(':', `ca`.`id`, `ca`.`alias`) AS `catid` FROM `has_content` AS `c` INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a` ON `a`.`id` = `c`.`id` AND `a`.`context` = :context INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a2` ON `a`.`key` = `a2`.`key` INNER JOIN `has_content` AS `c2` ON `a2`.`id` = `c2`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `ca` ON `c2`.`catid` = `ca`.`id` AND `ca`.`extension` = :extension2 WHERE `c`.`id` = :id AND c2.access IN (1,5) AND c2.language != 'da-DK' AND (c2.publish_up IS NULL OR c2.publish_up <= '2025-02-03 13:17:21') AND (c2.publish_down IS NULL OR c2.publish_down >= '2025-02-03 13:17:21') AND c2.state = 1411μs1.52KBParams/libraries/src/Language/Associations.php:145Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`module`,`m`.`position`,`m`.`content`,`m`.`showtitle`,`m`.`params`,`mm`.`menuid` FROM `has_modules` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `has_modules_menu` AS `mm` ON `mm`.`moduleid` = `m`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `m`.`module` AND `e`.`client_id` = `m`.`client_id` WHERE ( ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1 AND `m`.`client_id` = :clientId AND `m`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown)) AND (`mm`.`menuid` = :itemId OR `mm`.`menuid` <= 0) AND `m`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) ORDER BY `m`.`position`,`m`.`ordering`12.42ms264.34KBParams/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:51Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug`,( SELECT COUNT(`i`.`id`) FROM `has_content` AS `i` WHERE `i`.`catid` = `c`.`id` AND `i`.`state` = 1 AND `i`.`language` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6)) AS `numitems` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`48.79ms4.05KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,CASE WHEN `a`.`publish_up` IS NULL THEN `a`.`created` ELSE `a`.`publish_up` END AS `publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,LENGTH(`a`.`fulltext`) AS `readmore`,`a`.`ordering`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,CASE WHEN `c`.`published` = 2 AND `a`.`state` > 0 THEN 2 WHEN `c`.`published` != 1 THEN 0 ELSE `a`.`state` END AS `state`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`path` AS `category_route`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`published` AS `parents_published`,`c`.`lft`,CASE WHEN `a`.`created_by_alias` > ' ' THEN `a`.`created_by_alias` ELSE `ua`.`name` END AS `author`,`ua`.`email` AS `author_email`,`uam`.`name` AS `modified_by_name`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,COALESCE(NULLIF(ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1), 0), 0) AS `rating`,COALESCE(NULLIF(`v`.`rating_count`, 0), 0) AS `rating_count` FROM `has_content` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `ua` ON `ua`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `uam` ON `uam`.`id` = `a`.`modified_by` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `a`.`state` = :condition AND `a`.`catid` IN (:preparedArray5) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7) ORDER BY RAND() ASC LIMIT 15185ms231.28KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT MAX(`tag_id`) AS `tag_id`,COUNT(*) AS `count`,MAX(`t`.`title`) AS `title`,MAX(`t`.`access`) AS `access`,MAX(`t`.`alias`) AS `alias`,MAX(`t`.`params`) AS `params`,MAX(`t`.`language`) AS `language` FROM `has_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `has_ucm_content` AS `ucm` ON `m`.`content_item_id` = `ucm`.`core_content_item_id` AND `m`.`type_id` = `ucm`.`core_type_id` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `cat` ON `ucm`.`core_catid` = `cat`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_tags` AS `t` ON `tag_id` = `t`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_ucm_content` AS `c` ON `m`.`core_content_id` = `c`.`core_content_id` WHERE `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `cat`.`published` > 0 AND `t`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) AND `m`.`type_alias` = `c`.`core_type_alias` AND `c`.`core_state` = 1 AND (`c`.`core_access` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6) OR `c`.`core_access` = 0) AND (`c`.`core_publish_up` IS NULL OR `c`.`core_publish_up` = :nullDate2 OR `c`.`core_publish_up` <= :nowDate2) AND (`c`.`core_publish_down` IS NULL OR `c`.`core_publish_down` = :nullDate3 OR `c`.`core_publish_down` >= :nowDate3) GROUP BY `tag_id`,`t`.`title`,`t`.`access`,`t`.`alias` ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 15172ms2.75KBParams/modules/mod_tags_popular/src/Helper/TagsPopularHelper.php:183Copy
  • SELECT `c2`.`language`,`c2`.`id` FROM `has_menu` AS `c` INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a` ON `a`.`id` = `c`.`id` AND `a`.`context` = :context INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a2` ON `a`.`key` = `a2`.`key` INNER JOIN `has_menu` AS `c2` ON `a2`.`id` = `c2`.`id` WHERE `c`.`id` = :id1.53ms1.44KBParams/libraries/src/Language/Associations.php:145Copy
  • SELECT `name`,`element` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'plugin' AND `folder` = 'finder' AND `enabled` = 1167μs640B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Helper/LanguageHelper.php:135Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `has_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)672μs584B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:314Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM has_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `has_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN has_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN has_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN has_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN has_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6) ORDER BY a.ordering ASC282μs4.75KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `has_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)2.3ms584B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:314Copy
  • SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`next_execution` <= :now THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS due_count,SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`locked` IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) AS locked_count FROM `has_scheduler_tasks` AS `a` WHERE `a`.`state` = 1129μs1.37KBParams/administrator/components/com_scheduler/src/Model/TasksModel.php:466Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`335μs4KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `has_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?79μs1KBParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:291Copy
  • UPDATE `has_session` SET `data` = ? , `time` = ? WHERE `session_id` = ?2.56ms592BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:318Copy