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Mangel på D-vitamin øger afhængighed af opioider

Mangel på D-vitamin øger afhængighed af opioiderForsøgsdyr, som mangler D-vitamin, bliver lettere afhængige af opioider som morfin, hvilket aftager, når de får genoprettet blodets niveau af D-vitamin. Det fremgår af et amerikansk studie, som er publiceret i Science Advances. Forskerne antager derfor, at et lavt niveau af D-vitamin også øger risikoen for, at mennesker bliver afhængige af opioider som følge af medicinsk smertebehandling eller anden form for narkomani. I USA er det legale og illegale misbrug af opioider i dag så stort, at man taler om en epidemi. Forskerne ser derfor tilskud med D-vitamin som et supplerende potentiale i behandling af opioidafhængighed.

Opioider er forbindelser, der binder sig til opioid-receptorerne i blandt andet centralnervesystemet, hvor de har en smertestillende effekt. Psyken påvirkes ved at man slapper af, bliver euforisk eller sløv. Kvalme, forstoppelse og hæmning af åndedrætsrefleksen hører til de typiske bivirkninger. Selv efter kort tids brug kan opioiderne give tilvænning og afhængighedsproblemer, hvor nogle er mere sensitive end andre. Ved særlig høje doser kan brugerne dø af kvælning, fordi åndedrættet stopper.
Morfin, kodein og heroin, der også kaldes for opiater, er fremstillet af opiumsvalmuen.
Eksempler på syntetiske opioider er metadon, tramadol og fentanyl.
I de sene 1990´er begyndte amerikanske sundhedsmyndigheder at udskrive langt flere smertestillende opioider under påskud af, at de ikke var vanedannende. Nu er flere medicinalfirmaer blevet sagsøgt for misvisende markedsføring.
Opioidepidemien henviser i dag til det omfattende misbrug af af opioidlægemidler, både receptudskrevne og fra ulovlige kilder. Som helhed er overdoser af opioider blevet den hyppigste dødsårsag blandt unge voksne i USA. Da misbrug af opioider er et stort problem med omfattende menneskelige og økonomiske konsekvenser ville forskerne bag det nye studie se nærmere på miljømæssige faktorer, som øger risikoen for afhængighed.

  • Det skønnes, at der er 2 millioner misbrugere af opioider i USA
  • I 2019 døde 70.630 amerikanere af en overdosis
  • Sammenlignet med de andre nordiske lande har Danmark et meget stort forbrug af opioider.
  • Derfor bør vi stadig være opmærksomme på en opioidepidemi i Danmark

Sammenhæng mellem lysafhængighed, humør og D-vitamin

Forskning tyder på, at man kan blive afhængig af solens UV-stråler af flere naturlige årsager. For det første påvirker sollyset dannelse af β-endorfiner, der binder sig til opioid-receptorerne. For det andet bidrager UV-strålerne til, at vi danner et forstadie til D-vitamin i huden. Forskerne bag det nye studie havde derfor den hypotese, at trangen til sollys kunne være drevet af at optimere blodets niveau af D-vitamin og egenproduktion af endorfiner, der betegnes endogene opioider. På den anden side kunne mangel på sollys og D-vitamin også øge risikoen for at blive afhængig af medicinske opioider. Men da de medicinske opioider ikke optimerer blodets niveau af D-vitamin, ville forskerne bag det nye studie derfor se nærmere på D-vitamins rolle i forbindelse med forbruget og misbruget af opioider

Mangel på D-vitamin hænger sammen med opioidforbrug og afhængighed

Tidligere studier har afsløret en sammenhæng mellem mangel på D-vitamin og et større behov for opioider hos patienter, der var i behandling for kroniske smerter og kræftpatienter i palliativ behandling. Forskerne bag det nye studie ville derfor undersøge, om der også var et forhold mellem blodets niveau af D-vitamin og behovet for opioider, som ikke handlede om smertebehandling. Forskerne brugte data fra andre befolkningsstudier, herunder det større studie NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), som afslørede, at mangel på D-vitamin øgede forbruget af opioider.
Som noget nyt udførte forskerne så forsøg på en gruppe mus, som blev udsat for mangel på D-vitamin og sammenlignet med en gruppe mus, der ikke manglede D-vitamin. Da begge grupper mus fik opioider i form af morfin, viste det sig, at mangel på D-vitamin gjorde musene mere afhængige. Mangel på D-vitamin gjorde også musene mere smertefølsomme. Forskerne kommer desuden ind på, at mangel på D-vitamin forstyrrer dannelsen af dopamin, der har betydning for det mentale velbefindende. Forskerne antager derfor, at mangel på D-vitamin øger risikoen for at blive fysisk og psykisk afhængig af forskellige opioider.

Sollys og nødvendige tilskud med D-vitamin

I henhold til det nye studies resultater konkluderer forskerne, at der bør være mere fokus på D-vitamin som led i den nuværende behandling af opioidafhængighed, der trænger til at blive meget bedre, da mange aldrig kommer ud af deres misbrug. Det er tilmed et billigt tiltag, som også har en vis forebyggende effekt.
Forskerne bag det nye studie understreger derfor, at vi har godt af sollyset, men ikke må blive forbrændte. Derfor kan tilskud med D-vitamin være en oplagt løsning, og det vigtigste er at have et optimalt niveau i blodet.
Det nye studie er publiceret i Science Advances.
Til orientering anbefaler Fødevarestyrelsen, at alle tager tilskud med D-vitamin i vinterhalvåret og hele året, hvis man ikke får nok sommersol. Visse udsatte grupper som farvede, gravide og ældre bør ligeledes tage tilskud hele året, da de har vanskeligere ved at danne nok D-vitamin fra sollyset. Overvægtige og diabetikere har også vanskeligt ved at danne nok D-vitamin, og derfor kan de have et øget behov. Vi har desuden brug for magnesium, så vi kan aktivere den form, vi danner fra solen og gennem tilskud.
Det er i forvejen kendt, at D-vitamin har betydning for blodsukkeret, som ofte er forstyrret, når man er afhængig af opioider. Derfor bør kosten i det hele taget være næringsrig og blodsukkerstabiliserende.

Reference:

Lajos V. Kemény et al. Vitamin D deficiency exacerbates UV/endorphin and opioid addiction. Science Advances, 2021

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. What is the U.S. Opioid Epidemic? 2021

Morten Hesse. Opioider og opiodiafhængighed – hvad er det? Center for rusmiddelforskning, Aarhus Universitet. 2019

Anne Marie Uwitonze, Mohammed S Razzaque. Role of magnesium in Vitamin D Activation and Function. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association. 2018

Emanuela A. Greco et al. Role of Hypovitaminosis D in the Pathogenesis of Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance. Nutrients 2019


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  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `has_assets` WHERE `name` LIKE :asset OR `name` = :extension OR `parent_id` = 06.58ms397.48KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:301Copy
  • SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `has_content`1.78ms3.02KB/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:625Copy
  • UPDATE `has_content` SET `hits` = (`hits` + 1) WHERE `id` = '3135'2.96ms48B/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:1325Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `has_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `has_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0 AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)1.29ms22.19KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`1.21ms3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`tag_id`,`t`.* FROM `has_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `has_tags` AS `t` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` WHERE `m`.`type_alias` = :contentType AND `m`.`content_item_id` = :id AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)8.79ms4.06KBParams/libraries/src/Helper/TagsHelper.php:388Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`865μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM has_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `has_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN has_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN has_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN has_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN has_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id LEFT JOIN `has_fields_categories` AS fc ON fc.field_id = a.id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND (`fc`.`category_id` IS NULL OR `fc`.`category_id` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3)) AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9) ORDER BY a.ordering ASC467μs4.81KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id211μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id110μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`module`,`m`.`position`,`m`.`content`,`m`.`showtitle`,`m`.`params`,`mm`.`menuid` FROM `has_modules` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `has_modules_menu` AS `mm` ON `mm`.`moduleid` = `m`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `m`.`module` AND `e`.`client_id` = `m`.`client_id` WHERE ( ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1 AND `m`.`client_id` = :clientId AND `m`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown)) AND (`mm`.`menuid` = :itemId OR `mm`.`menuid` <= 0) AND `m`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) ORDER BY `m`.`position`,`m`.`ordering`5.64ms261.84KBParams/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:51Copy
  • SELECT `t`.`id` FROM `has_tags` AS `t` INNER JOIN `has_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` WHERE `m`.`type_alias` = :prefix AND `m`.`content_item_id` IN (:preparedArray1)8.16ms1.35KBParams/libraries/src/Helper/TagsHelper.php:503Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`core_content_id`,`m`.`content_item_id`,`m`.`type_alias`,COUNT( `tag_id`) AS `count`,`ct`.`router`,`cc`.`core_title`,`cc`.`core_alias`,`cc`.`core_catid`,`cc`.`core_language`,`cc`.`core_params` FROM `has_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `has_tags` AS `t` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_ucm_content` AS `cc` ON `m`.`core_content_id` = `cc`.`core_content_id` INNER JOIN `has_content_types` AS `ct` ON `m`.`type_alias` = `ct`.`type_alias` WHERE ( ( ( (`m`.`tag_id` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) AND `cc`.`core_state` = 1) AND (`cc`.`core_access` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6) OR `cc`.`core_access` = 0)) AND (`m`.`content_item_id` <> :currentId OR `m`.`type_alias` <> :prefix)) AND (`cc`.`core_publish_up` IS NULL OR `cc`.`core_publish_up` = :nullDateUp OR `cc`.`core_publish_up` <= :nowDateUp)) AND (`cc`.`core_publish_down` IS NULL OR `cc`.`core_publish_down` = :nullDateDown OR `cc`.`core_publish_down` >= :nowDateDown) AND `cc`.`core_language` IN (:preparedArray7,:preparedArray8) GROUP BY `m`.`core_content_id`,`m`.`content_item_id`,`m`.`type_alias`,`ct`.`router`,`cc`.`core_title`,`cc`.`core_alias`,`cc`.`core_catid`,`cc`.`core_language`,`cc`.`core_params` ORDER BY `count` DESC LIMIT 1510.84ms19.34KBParams/modules/mod_tags_similar/src/Helper/TagsSimilarHelper.php:200Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`1.01ms3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id201μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id222μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id123μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id198μs3.81KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id149μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id158μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id119μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id140μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id203μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id133μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id138μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id98μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id96μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id194μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id98μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id80μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id174μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id83μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id242μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id280μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id361μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id91μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id77μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id1.17ms1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id121μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id76μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id65μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id57μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id63μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id62μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`language`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`a`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `a`.`id`, `a`.`alias`) ELSE a.id END AS `slug`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`cc`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `cc`.`id`, `cc`.`alias`) ELSE cc.id END AS `catslug` FROM `has_content` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `cc` ON `cc`.`id` = `a`.`catid` WHERE `a`.`catid` = :catid AND `a`.`state` = :state AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND (`publish_up` IS NULL OR `publish_up` <= :nowDate1) AND (`publish_down` IS NULL OR `publish_down` >= :nowDate2) AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) ORDER BY CASE WHEN `a`.`publish_up` IS NULL THEN `a`.`created` ELSE `a`.`publish_up` END DESC22.98ms161.75KBParams/plugins/content/pagenavigation/src/Extension/PageNavigation.php:188Copy
  • SELECT custom_data FROM has_extensions WHERE element = 'yootheme' AND folder = 'system' LIMIT 11.15ms536B/templates/yootheme/packages/platform-joomla/src/Storage.php:30Copy
  • SELECT `language`,`id` FROM `has_menu` WHERE `home` = '1' AND `published` = 1 AND `client_id` = 0426μs704B/libraries/src/Language/Multilanguage.php:123Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id371μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id81μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `c2`.`language`,CONCAT_WS(':', `c2`.`id`, `c2`.`alias`) AS `id`,CONCAT_WS(':', `ca`.`id`, `ca`.`alias`) AS `catid` FROM `has_content` AS `c` INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a` ON `a`.`id` = `c`.`id` AND `a`.`context` = :context INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a2` ON `a`.`key` = `a2`.`key` INNER JOIN `has_content` AS `c2` ON `a2`.`id` = `c2`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `ca` ON `c2`.`catid` = `ca`.`id` AND `ca`.`extension` = :extension2 WHERE `c`.`id` = :id AND c2.access IN (1,5) AND c2.language != 'da-DK' AND (c2.publish_up IS NULL OR c2.publish_up <= '2025-04-04 22:52:57') AND (c2.publish_down IS NULL OR c2.publish_down >= '2025-04-04 22:52:57') AND c2.state = 1427μs12.47KBParams/libraries/src/Language/Associations.php:145Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug`,( SELECT COUNT(`i`.`id`) FROM `has_content` AS `i` WHERE `i`.`catid` = `c`.`id` AND `i`.`state` = 1 AND `i`.`language` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6)) AS `numitems` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`27.47ms4.05KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,CASE WHEN `a`.`publish_up` IS NULL THEN `a`.`created` ELSE `a`.`publish_up` END AS `publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,LENGTH(`a`.`fulltext`) AS `readmore`,`a`.`ordering`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,CASE WHEN `c`.`published` = 2 AND `a`.`state` > 0 THEN 2 WHEN `c`.`published` != 1 THEN 0 ELSE `a`.`state` END AS `state`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`path` AS `category_route`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`published` AS `parents_published`,`c`.`lft`,CASE WHEN `a`.`created_by_alias` > ' ' THEN `a`.`created_by_alias` ELSE `ua`.`name` END AS `author`,`ua`.`email` AS `author_email`,`uam`.`name` AS `modified_by_name`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,COALESCE(NULLIF(ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1), 0), 0) AS `rating`,COALESCE(NULLIF(`v`.`rating_count`, 0), 0) AS `rating_count` FROM `has_content` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `ua` ON `ua`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `uam` ON `uam`.`id` = `a`.`modified_by` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `a`.`state` = :condition AND `a`.`catid` IN (:preparedArray5) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7) ORDER BY RAND() ASC LIMIT 1584.12ms215.28KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT MAX(`tag_id`) AS `tag_id`,COUNT(*) AS `count`,MAX(`t`.`title`) AS `title`,MAX(`t`.`access`) AS `access`,MAX(`t`.`alias`) AS `alias`,MAX(`t`.`params`) AS `params`,MAX(`t`.`language`) AS `language` FROM `has_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `has_ucm_content` AS `ucm` ON `m`.`content_item_id` = `ucm`.`core_content_item_id` AND `m`.`type_id` = `ucm`.`core_type_id` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `cat` ON `ucm`.`core_catid` = `cat`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_tags` AS `t` ON `tag_id` = `t`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_ucm_content` AS `c` ON `m`.`core_content_id` = `c`.`core_content_id` WHERE `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `cat`.`published` > 0 AND `t`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) AND `m`.`type_alias` = `c`.`core_type_alias` AND `c`.`core_state` = 1 AND (`c`.`core_access` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6) OR `c`.`core_access` = 0) AND (`c`.`core_publish_up` IS NULL OR `c`.`core_publish_up` = :nullDate2 OR `c`.`core_publish_up` <= :nowDate2) AND (`c`.`core_publish_down` IS NULL OR `c`.`core_publish_down` = :nullDate3 OR `c`.`core_publish_down` >= :nowDate3) GROUP BY `tag_id`,`t`.`title`,`t`.`access`,`t`.`alias` ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 1549.22ms2.75KBParams/modules/mod_tags_popular/src/Helper/TagsPopularHelper.php:183Copy
  • SELECT `c2`.`language`,`c2`.`id` FROM `has_menu` AS `c` INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a` ON `a`.`id` = `c`.`id` AND `a`.`context` = :context INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a2` ON `a`.`key` = `a2`.`key` INNER JOIN `has_menu` AS `c2` ON `a2`.`id` = `c2`.`id` WHERE `c`.`id` = :id496μs1.44KBParams/libraries/src/Language/Associations.php:145Copy
  • SELECT `name`,`element` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'plugin' AND `folder` = 'finder' AND `enabled` = 1262μs640B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Helper/LanguageHelper.php:135Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `has_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)251μs584B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:314Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM has_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `has_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN has_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN has_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN has_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN has_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6) ORDER BY a.ordering ASC410μs4.75KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `has_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)206μs584B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:314Copy
  • SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`next_execution` <= :now THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS due_count,SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`locked` IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) AS locked_count FROM `has_scheduler_tasks` AS `a` WHERE `a`.`state` = 1166μs1.37KBParams/administrator/components/com_scheduler/src/Model/TasksModel.php:466Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`430μs4KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `has_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?129μs1KBParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:291Copy
  • UPDATE `has_session` SET `data` = ? , `time` = ? WHERE `session_id` = ?1.54ms592BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:318Copy