Breast milk is the optimal nutrition for babies, but according to a population study from New Zealand, which is published in Nutrients, breastfeeding women often lack vitamin D, vitamin E, manganese, selenium, and other important nutrients. The authors emphasize how crucial it is for both mother and child to be well-supplied with nutrients, as deficiencies can affect the child's development and the mother's health and mood.

During fetal development and childhood, the brain requires a range of nutrients to build the nervous system and support cognitive development. According to a new review article published in Nutrients, widespread deficiencies in vitamins C, D, and A, as well as iron, iodine, selenium, zinc, and other nutrients, may contribute to the development of autism.

High blood pressure is the primary cause of cardiovascular diseases, strokes, and early death. There has primarily been focus on limiting salt (sodium) intake, but now it appears that the balance between sodium and potassium is even more important. According to a study published in the American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology, consuming bananas, avocados, broccoli, nuts, and other potassium-rich foods can be beneficial in preventing and treating high blood pressure.

Cholesterol is a vital substance found in all cells and involved in many metabolic processes. Our bodies produce most of cholesterol according to its own needs, and the substance only becomes harmful if it oxidizes and gets embedded in the vessel walls. This has nothing to do with cholesterol levels being high or low. There is evidence that cholesterol-lowering statins inhibit the biosynthesis of Q10, vitamin D, vitamin K2, and several selenium-containing proteins. These compounds are important for energy production and serve as essential antioxidants that protect cholesterol from oxidative stress. Because of their reducing impact, statins often lead to fatigue, muscle weakness, oxidative stress, and other side effects that may eventually increase the risk of atherosclerosis, heart failure, and dementia. This is documented in numerous studies published over recent decades.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease are associated with the development of other liver diseases, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Diet and drinking habits play a major role. Magnesium deficiency also seems to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and other complications, particularly in individuals with liver-related metabolic disorders, according to a large population study published in Nutrients.

Omega-6 fatty acids, which are mainly found in seed oils, margarine, deep-fried foods, and industrially processed foods, are known to promote the growth of a particularly aggressive type of breast cancer. This was seen in a new study published in Science. Although omega-6 fatty acids are essential for life, many people consume far too much omega-6 through refined diets, and this contributes to the rising incidence of breast cancer and many other diseases. According to previous research, it is important for omega-6 fatty acids to be correctly balanced with omega-3 fatty intake, which can regulate the harmful activity in breast cancer cells. With this insight, researchers see new potential in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.

It is an established fact that pregnant women should supplement with folic acid, as it reduces the risk of the baby developing neural tube defects in the brain and spinal cord. According to a new Canadian study, folic acid supplementation may also reduce the risk of the child developing neurological damage and autistic behavior caused by lead exposure. It is crucial for pregnant women to get enough nutrients to support fetal development. Also, they should try to avoid environmental toxins as much as possible.

Poor sperm quality is the underlying cause in about half of all cases of involuntary childlessness. Diet and lifestyle are also well-known contributing factors. According to a meta-analysis published in Frontiers in Pharmacology, Q10 supplementation may increase sperm count, sperm motility, and testosterone levels. The authors also describe how Q10 supports cellular energy metabolism and acts as a vital antioxidant that protects sperm cells and other cells from damage caused by free radicals and oxidative stress.

Most people with type 2 diabetes have hidden deficiencies in nutrients such as vitamin D, magnesium, and vitamin B12. This is the conclusion of a major meta-analysis published in BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health. The researchers also explain how diet, metabolic processes, genetics, and medication can influence the body’s ability to utilize these nutrients. Since type 2 diabetes and its precursor, metabolic syndrome, are spreading like a pandemic, much greater attention should be given to essential nutrients, as deficiencies contribute to the development and worsening of the disease.

Selenium is a trace element that plays a crucial role in the thyroid gland and the production of thyroid hormones. It also protects the thyroid from damage caused by oxidative stress, as highlighted in a review article published in Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism. But how much selenium do we actually need for the thyroid and the many other selenium-dependent functions in the body?

- especially in older adults

When blood levels of vitamin B12 are at the low end of the normal range, there's no guarantee that there is enough to support DNA synthesis, red blood cell formation, and nerve tissue maintenance. The official reference values may be particularly problematic for older adults, who, according to an American study, have an increased risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia.