Skip to main content

Melatonin also protects against heart rhythm disturbances

Melatonin also protects against heart rhythm disturbancesMelatonin is primarily known as a sleep hormone and a powerful antioxidant. According to a new study, melatonin may even improve the condition of rats that have heart rhythm disturbances with an increased risk of heart attack. Melatonin’s ability to improve the heart function is not related to its antioxidant function, however, and that surprised the scientists behind the study. The new study was presented at an annual meeting for the American Physiological Society (APS) in Orlando. Melatonin has several vital functions, but as we age our endogenous production decreases. Not only does this affect our quality of sleep, it also has a negative impact on the heart and the body’s cells.

Heart rhythm disturbances (also known as arrhythmia) is treated with anti-arrhythmic medication. In earlier studies, melatonin has been shown to have anti-arrhythmic properties, which were believed to be linked to its antioxidant function and ability to neutralize free radicals. In the new study, the researchers looked at the mechanisms by which melatonin supplementation can reduce the risk of heart attacks in rats with arrhythmia. One group of rats was supplemented with 10 mg of melatonin daily for seven days (a very high dosage), while the other group got placebo. The scientists measured the electric activity in the rats’ hearts before, during, and after they had contracted the heart ailment. Also, the scientists measured levels of oxidative stress, which is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants.

What is arrhythmia?

  • It is a disturbance of the normal electric impulses in the heart
  • Bradycardia is characterized by a very slow heart rate (less than 50 beats per minute)
  • Tachycardia is characterized by a very rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats per minute)
  • Atrial fibrillation is irregular heart rate and the most common heart rate disturbance in the Western world.
  • Symptoms of arrhythmia include heart palpitations, breathing difficulty, dizziness, and fainting
  • Some cases of arrhythmia are harmless, while others are life-threatening and may lead to cardiac arrest
  • Arrhythmia is measured with an electrocardiogram (ECG)

Melatonin affects cellular receptors

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) are two types of dangerous, irregular electric activity in the heart that may cause a heart attack. It turned out the melatonin-treated rats had a lower rate of both types of arrhythmia (VT and VF). Also, a particular marker of antioxidant activity was elevated in the rats that got melatonin. However, no link was observed between the presence of oxidative stress and irregular electric activity in the heart.
In a previous study, researchers observed that by blocking melatonin-specific receptors in the cells one can disable melatonin’s anti-arrhythmic effect. In other words, melatonin loses its effects in the cells if there are no receptors to which melatonin can attach. This fact combined with the recent rat study leads the scientists to believe that melatonin has a direct effect on cells, which is positive for the heart rhythm, and that the effect has nothing to do with melatonin’s role as an antioxidant.

Melatonin is a shortcut to natural sleep and cell maintenance

We humans produce melatonin in our pineal gland in the center of the brain. However, as we grow older our endogenous melatonin production decreases, and that is one of the reasons why many older people sleep poorly. The reduced endogenous production of melatonin may even speed up the ageing process, which is because melatonin is a powerful antioxidant that protects our cells and has a number of other functions in the human body.
Melatonin taken as a supplement works like a natural sleeping pill by compensating for the body’s lack of the compound, regardless if the deficiency is caused by old age, jet-lag, daylight saving time (DST), light exposure, nightshift work or other factors that are known to affect the amount of melatonin that is released by the pineal gland.
A melatonin supplement “tricks” the body into believing that it is night, even if this is not the case. That way, melatonin can induce natural sleep, which is essential for our health and mental well-being. The good news is that there are other bonus effects of using the compound.

  • During the daytime, we need a lot of light to help the body produce serotonin
  • Before bedtime, it is best to avoid too much light to help the body convert serotonin into melatonin
  • It is best if you can sleep in complete darkness to make it easier for the body to produce melatonin
  • People who for some reason are unable to produce enough melatonin can use a supplement

References

American Physiological Society. Melatonin´s heart protective effects not related to its antioxidant properties. ScienceDaily April 9, 2019

Pierpaoli Walter, Regelson William. The Melatonin Miracle. Simon and Schuster 1996

https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arytmi

  • Created on .
8.729MBMemory Usage234msRequest Duration
Joomla! Version4.4.4
PHP Version8.3.6
Identityguest
Response200
Templateyootheme
Database
Server
mysql
Version
8.0.40-0ubuntu0.24.04.1
Collation
latin1_swedish_ci
Conn Collation
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
$_GET
[]
$_POST
[]
$_SESSION
array:1 [ "joomla" => "***redacted***" ]
$_COOKIE
[]
$_SERVER
array:46 [ "REDIRECT_HTTP_AUTHORIZATION" => "" "REDIRECT_HTTPS" => "on" "REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI"...
session
array:3 [ "counter" => 1 "timer" => array:3 [ "start" => 1736286834 "last" => 1736286834...
registry
array:3 [ "data" => [] "initialized" => false "separator" => "." ]
user
array:18 [ "id" => 0 "name" => null "username" => null "email" => null "password" => "***r...
plg_system_languagefilter
array:1 [ "language" => "en-GB" ]
  • afterLoad (456.41KB) (514μs)
  • afterInitialise (1.27MB) (20.43ms)
  • afterRoute (897.2KB) (9.51ms)
  • beforeRenderComponent com_content (22.93KB) (252μs)
  • Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (33.23KB) (222μs)
  • After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (97.34KB) (1.22ms)
  • Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.6KB) (17μs)
  • After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (3.17MB) (17.7ms)
  • Before Access::getAssetRules (id:4440 name:com_content.article.2198) (130.65KB) (95μs)
  • After Access::getAssetRules (id:4440 name:com_content.article.2198) (7.38KB) (46μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (Search for more information...) (1.35MB) (57.83ms)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (Search for more information...) (4.29KB) (173μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom (Search for more information...) (736B) (3μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom (Search for more information...) (4.95KB) (91μs)
  • afterRenderComponent com_content (52.64KB) (22.36ms)
  • Before Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (49.8KB) (3.56ms)
  • After Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (6.17KB) (30μs)
  • afterDispatch (17.7KB) (1.25ms)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (READ MORE...) (32.27KB) (927μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (READ MORE...) (76.07KB) (37.82ms)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (BOOST YOUR IMMUNE DEFENSE) (6.45KB) (25μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (BOOST YOUR IMMUNE DEFENSE) (912B) (39μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_tags_popular (Search) (2.36KB) (13μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_tags_popular (Search) (46.16KB) (45.29ms)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (Check this before you buy a Q10 product) (944B) (22μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (Check this before you buy a Q10 product) (928B) (43μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (the Vitamin and Mineral Guide) (736B) (11μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (the Vitamin and Mineral Guide) (992B) (23μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_articles_category (READ MORE...) (276.94KB) (2.25ms)
  • afterRenderModule mod_articles_category (READ MORE...) (1.25KB) (57μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom (BOOST YOUR IMMUNE DEFENSE) (6.81KB) (15μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom (BOOST YOUR IMMUNE DEFENSE) (1.28KB) (38μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_tags_popular (Search) (1.98KB) (18μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_tags_popular (Search) (2.52KB) (25μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom (Check this before you buy a Q10 product) (1.31KB) (10μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom (Check this before you buy a Q10 product) (1.28KB) (21μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom (the Vitamin and Mineral Guide) (352B) (9μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom (the Vitamin and Mineral Guide) (1.28KB) (20μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (22.53KB) (380μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (191.29KB) (1.58ms)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (720B) (4μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (4.86KB) (56μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (3.94KB) (17μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (20.7KB) (1.63ms)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (720B) (5μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (5.31KB) (29μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder () (6.34KB) (12μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_finder () (128.95KB) (1.63ms)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_finder () (704B) (6μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_finder () (3.29KB) (33μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (6.62KB) (143μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (21.95KB) (970μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom () (704B) (6μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom () (1.23KB) (50μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (5.07KB) (102μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (6.52KB) (747μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (720B) (3μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (1.25KB) (43μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (912B) (17μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (3.89KB) (710μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (720B) (4μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (1.27KB) (30μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder () (2.3KB) (10μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_finder () (6.29KB) (548μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_finder () (704B) (5μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_finder () (3.73KB) (42μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (8.66KB) (178μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (944B) (129μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom () (704B) (3μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom () (2.43KB) (25μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (688B) (83μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (896B) (90μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom () (704B) (2μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom () (2.71KB) (21μs)
  • afterRender (160.91KB) (2.5ms)
  • 1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (Search for more information...) (1.35MB) (24.68%)
    57.83ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_tags_popular (Search) (46.16KB) (19.33%)
    45.29ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (READ MORE...) (76.07KB) (16.14%)
    37.82ms
    1 x afterRenderComponent com_content (52.64KB) (9.54%)
    22.36ms
    1 x afterInitialise (1.27MB) (8.72%)
    20.43ms
    1 x After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (3.17MB) (7.55%)
    17.70ms
    1 x afterRoute (897.2KB) (4.06%)
    9.51ms
    1 x Before Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (49.8KB) (1.52%)
    3.56ms
    1 x afterRender (160.91KB) (1.07%)
    2.50ms
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_articles_category (READ MORE...) (276.94KB) (0.96%)
    2.25ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_finder () (128.95KB) (0.7%)
    1.63ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (20.7KB) (0.69%)
    1.63ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (191.29KB) (0.67%)
    1.58ms
    1 x afterDispatch (17.7KB) (0.53%)
    1.25ms
    1 x After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (97.34KB) (0.52%)
    1.22ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (21.95KB) (0.41%)
    970μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (READ MORE...) (32.27KB) (0.4%)
    927μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (6.52KB) (0.32%)
    747μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (3.89KB) (0.3%)
    710μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_finder () (6.29KB) (0.23%)
    548μs
    1 x afterLoad (456.41KB) (0.22%)
    514μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (22.53KB) (0.16%)
    380μs
    1 x beforeRenderComponent com_content (22.93KB) (0.11%)
    252μs
    1 x Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (33.23KB) (0.09%)
    222μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (8.66KB) (0.08%)
    178μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (Search for more information...) (4.29KB) (0.07%)
    173μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (6.62KB) (0.06%)
    143μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (944B) (0.06%)
    129μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (5.07KB) (0.04%)
    102μs
    1 x Before Access::getAssetRules (id:4440 name:com_content.article.2198) (130.65KB) (0.04%)
    95μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom (Search for more information...) (4.95KB) (0.04%)
    91μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (896B) (0.04%)
    90μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (688B) (0.04%)
    83μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_articles_category (READ MORE...) (1.25KB) (0.02%)
    57μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (4.86KB) (0.02%)
    56μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom () (1.23KB) (0.02%)
    50μs
    1 x After Access::getAssetRules (id:4440 name:com_content.article.2198) (7.38KB) (0.02%)
    46μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (Check this before you buy a Q10 product) (928B) (0.02%)
    43μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (1.25KB) (0.02%)
    43μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_finder () (3.73KB) (0.02%)
    42μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (BOOST YOUR IMMUNE DEFENSE) (912B) (0.02%)
    39μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom (BOOST YOUR IMMUNE DEFENSE) (1.28KB) (0.02%)
    38μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_finder () (3.29KB) (0.01%)
    33μs
    1 x After Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (6.17KB) (0.01%)
    30μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (1.27KB) (0.01%)
    30μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (5.31KB) (0.01%)
    29μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (BOOST YOUR IMMUNE DEFENSE) (6.45KB) (0.01%)
    25μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_tags_popular (Search) (2.52KB) (0.01%)
    25μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom () (2.43KB) (0.01%)
    25μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (the Vitamin and Mineral Guide) (992B) (0.01%)
    23μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (Check this before you buy a Q10 product) (944B) (0.01%)
    22μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom (Check this before you buy a Q10 product) (1.28KB) (0.01%)
    21μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom () (2.71KB) (0.01%)
    21μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom (the Vitamin and Mineral Guide) (1.28KB) (0.01%)
    20μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_tags_popular (Search) (1.98KB) (0.01%)
    18μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (3.94KB) (0.01%)
    17μs
    1 x Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.6KB) (0.01%)
    17μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (912B) (0.01%)
    17μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_custom (BOOST YOUR IMMUNE DEFENSE) (6.81KB) (0.01%)
    15μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_tags_popular (Search) (2.36KB) (0.01%)
    13μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder () (6.34KB) (0.01%)
    12μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (the Vitamin and Mineral Guide) (736B) (0%)
    11μs
    2 x beforeRenderModule mod_finder () (704B) (0%)
    11μs
    3 x beforeRenderModule mod_custom () (704B) (0%)
    11μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_custom (Check this before you buy a Q10 product) (1.31KB) (0%)
    10μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder () (2.3KB) (0%)
    10μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_custom (the Vitamin and Mineral Guide) (352B) (0%)
    9μs
    2 x beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu - English) (720B) (0%)
    7μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (720B) (0%)
    5μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (720B) (0%)
    4μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_custom (Search for more information...) (736B) (0%)
    3μs
44 statements were executed, 9 of which were duplicates, 35 unique138ms1.16MB
  • SELECT @@SESSION.sql_mode;47μs968B/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:334Copy
  • SELECT `data` FROM `has_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?106μs1008BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:261Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `has_session` WHERE `session_id` = :session_id LIMIT 162μs1.3KBParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:187Copy
  • INSERT INTO `has_session` (`session_id`,`guest`,`time`,`userid`,`username`,`client_id`) VALUES (:session_id, :guest, :time, :user_id, :username, :client_id)1.15ms944BParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:260Copy
  • SELECT `extension_id` AS `id`,`element` AS `option`,`params`,`enabled` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'component' AND `state` = 0 AND `enabled` = 1191μs1.61KB/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:399Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`rules` FROM `has_viewlevels`73μs656B/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:955Copy
  • SELECT `b`.`id` FROM `has_usergroups` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `has_usergroups` AS `b` ON `b`.`lft` <= `a`.`lft` AND `b`.`rgt` >= `a`.`rgt` WHERE `a`.`id` = :guest704μs1.33KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:868Copy
  • SELECT `folder` AS `type`,`element` AS `name`,`params` AS `params`,`extension_id` AS `id` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `enabled` = 1 AND `type` = 'plugin' AND `state` IN (0,1) AND `access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) ORDER BY `ordering`486μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:294Copy
  • SELECT * FROM `has_languages` WHERE `published` = 1 ORDER BY `ordering` ASC144μs2.33KB/libraries/src/Language/LanguageHelper.php:142Copy
  • SELECT `element`,`name`,`client_id`,`extension_id` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'language' AND `state` = 0 AND `enabled` = 1138μs1008B/libraries/src/Language/LanguageHelper.php:213Copy
  • SELECT * FROM has_rsform_config172μs1.06KB/administrator/components/com_rsform/helpers/config.php:52Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`menutype`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`alias`,`m`.`note`,`m`.`link`,`m`.`type`,`m`.`level`,`m`.`language`,`m`.`browserNav`,`m`.`access`,`m`.`params`,`m`.`home`,`m`.`img`,`m`.`template_style_id`,`m`.`component_id`,`m`.`parent_id`,`m`.`path` AS `route`,`e`.`element` AS `component` FROM `has_menu` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `has_extensions` AS `e` ON `m`.`component_id` = `e`.`extension_id` WHERE ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `m`.`parent_id` > 0 AND `m`.`client_id` = 0) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :currentDate1)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :currentDate2) ORDER BY `m`.`lft`1.4ms165.8KBParams/libraries/src/Menu/SiteMenu.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`237μs3.92KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`home`,`template`,`s`.`params`,`inheritable`,`parent` FROM `has_template_styles` AS `s` LEFT JOIN `has_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `s`.`template` AND `e`.`type` = 'template' AND `e`.`client_id` = `s`.`client_id` WHERE `s`.`client_id` = 0 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1184μs848B/administrator/components/com_templates/src/Model/StyleModel.php:773Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `has_assets` WHERE `name` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7,:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9,:preparedArray10,:preparedArray11,:preparedArray12,:preparedArray13,:preparedArray14,:preparedArray15,:preparedArray16,:preparedArray17,:preparedArray18,:preparedArray19,:preparedArray20,:preparedArray21,:preparedArray22,:preparedArray23,:preparedArray24,:preparedArray25,:preparedArray26,:preparedArray27,:preparedArray28,:preparedArray29,:preparedArray30,:preparedArray31,:preparedArray32,:preparedArray33,:preparedArray34,:preparedArray35,:preparedArray36,:preparedArray37,:preparedArray38,:preparedArray39,:preparedArray40)385μs7.44KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:357Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `has_assets` WHERE `name` LIKE :asset OR `name` = :extension OR `parent_id` = 08.29ms397.48KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:301Copy
  • SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `has_content`3.6ms3.02KB/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:625Copy
  • UPDATE `has_content` SET `hits` = (`hits` + 1) WHERE `id` = '2198'3.83ms48B/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:1325Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `has_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `has_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0 AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)590μs22.19KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`2.03ms3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`tag_id`,`t`.* FROM `has_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `has_tags` AS `t` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` WHERE `m`.`type_alias` = :contentType AND `m`.`content_item_id` = :id AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)4.66ms4.11KBParams/libraries/src/Helper/TagsHelper.php:388Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`4.66ms3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM has_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `has_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN has_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN has_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN has_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN has_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id LEFT JOIN `has_fields_categories` AS fc ON fc.field_id = a.id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND (`fc`.`category_id` IS NULL OR `fc`.`category_id` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3)) AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9) ORDER BY a.ordering ASC291μs4.81KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id145μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id116μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`module`,`m`.`position`,`m`.`content`,`m`.`showtitle`,`m`.`params`,`mm`.`menuid` FROM `has_modules` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `has_modules_menu` AS `mm` ON `mm`.`moduleid` = `m`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `m`.`module` AND `e`.`client_id` = `m`.`client_id` WHERE ( ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1 AND `m`.`client_id` = :clientId AND `m`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown)) AND (`mm`.`menuid` = :itemId OR `mm`.`menuid` <= 0) AND `m`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) ORDER BY `m`.`position`,`m`.`ordering`4.07ms180.84KBParams/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:51Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`language`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`a`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `a`.`id`, `a`.`alias`) ELSE a.id END AS `slug`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`cc`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `cc`.`id`, `cc`.`alias`) ELSE cc.id END AS `catslug` FROM `has_content` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `cc` ON `cc`.`id` = `a`.`catid` WHERE `a`.`catid` = :catid AND `a`.`state` = :state AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND (`publish_up` IS NULL OR `publish_up` <= :nowDate1) AND (`publish_down` IS NULL OR `publish_down` >= :nowDate2) AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) ORDER BY CASE WHEN `a`.`publish_up` IS NULL THEN `a`.`created` ELSE `a`.`publish_up` END DESC17.12ms161.75KBParams/plugins/content/pagenavigation/src/Extension/PageNavigation.php:188Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`328μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT custom_data FROM has_extensions WHERE element = 'yootheme' AND folder = 'system' LIMIT 1129μs536B/templates/yootheme/packages/platform-joomla/src/Storage.php:30Copy
  • SELECT `language`,`id` FROM `has_menu` WHERE `home` = '1' AND `published` = 1 AND `client_id` = 0344μs704B/libraries/src/Language/Multilanguage.php:123Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id102μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id86μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `c2`.`language`,CONCAT_WS(':', `c2`.`id`, `c2`.`alias`) AS `id`,CONCAT_WS(':', `ca`.`id`, `ca`.`alias`) AS `catid` FROM `has_content` AS `c` INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a` ON `a`.`id` = `c`.`id` AND `a`.`context` = :context INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a2` ON `a`.`key` = `a2`.`key` INNER JOIN `has_content` AS `c2` ON `a2`.`id` = `c2`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `ca` ON `c2`.`catid` = `ca`.`id` AND `ca`.`extension` = :extension2 WHERE `c`.`id` = :id AND c2.access IN (1,5) AND c2.language != 'en-GB' AND (c2.publish_up IS NULL OR c2.publish_up <= '2025-01-07 21:53:54') AND (c2.publish_down IS NULL OR c2.publish_down >= '2025-01-07 21:53:54') AND c2.state = 1273μs3.97KBParams/libraries/src/Language/Associations.php:145Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,CASE WHEN `a`.`publish_up` IS NULL THEN `a`.`created` ELSE `a`.`publish_up` END AS `publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,LENGTH(`a`.`fulltext`) AS `readmore`,`a`.`ordering`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,CASE WHEN `c`.`published` = 2 AND `a`.`state` > 0 THEN 2 WHEN `c`.`published` != 1 THEN 0 ELSE `a`.`state` END AS `state`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`path` AS `category_route`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`published` AS `parents_published`,`c`.`lft`,CASE WHEN `a`.`created_by_alias` > ' ' THEN `a`.`created_by_alias` ELSE `ua`.`name` END AS `author`,`ua`.`email` AS `author_email`,`uam`.`name` AS `modified_by_name`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,COALESCE(NULLIF(ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1), 0), 0) AS `rating`,COALESCE(NULLIF(`v`.`rating_count`, 0), 0) AS `rating_count` FROM `has_content` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `ua` ON `ua`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `uam` ON `uam`.`id` = `a`.`modified_by` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `a`.`state` = :condition AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6) ORDER BY RAND() ASC LIMIT 1034.66ms175.16KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`383μs4KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT MAX(`tag_id`) AS `tag_id`,COUNT(*) AS `count`,MAX(`t`.`title`) AS `title`,MAX(`t`.`access`) AS `access`,MAX(`t`.`alias`) AS `alias`,MAX(`t`.`params`) AS `params`,MAX(`t`.`language`) AS `language` FROM `has_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `has_ucm_content` AS `ucm` ON `m`.`content_item_id` = `ucm`.`core_content_item_id` AND `m`.`type_id` = `ucm`.`core_type_id` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `cat` ON `ucm`.`core_catid` = `cat`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_tags` AS `t` ON `tag_id` = `t`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_ucm_content` AS `c` ON `m`.`core_content_id` = `c`.`core_content_id` WHERE `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `cat`.`published` > 0 AND `t`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) AND `m`.`type_alias` = `c`.`core_type_alias` AND `c`.`core_state` = 1 AND (`c`.`core_access` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6) OR `c`.`core_access` = 0) AND (`c`.`core_publish_up` IS NULL OR `c`.`core_publish_up` = :nullDate2 OR `c`.`core_publish_up` <= :nowDate2) AND (`c`.`core_publish_down` IS NULL OR `c`.`core_publish_down` = :nullDate3 OR `c`.`core_publish_down` >= :nowDate3) GROUP BY `tag_id`,`t`.`title`,`t`.`access`,`t`.`alias` ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 1544.14ms2.75KBParams/modules/mod_tags_popular/src/Helper/TagsPopularHelper.php:183Copy
  • SELECT `c2`.`language`,`c2`.`id` FROM `has_menu` AS `c` INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a` ON `a`.`id` = `c`.`id` AND `a`.`context` = :context INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a2` ON `a`.`key` = `a2`.`key` INNER JOIN `has_menu` AS `c2` ON `a2`.`id` = `c2`.`id` WHERE `c`.`id` = :id225μs1.44KBParams/libraries/src/Language/Associations.php:145Copy
  • SELECT `name`,`element` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'plugin' AND `folder` = 'finder' AND `enabled` = 1178μs640B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Helper/LanguageHelper.php:135Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `has_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)128μs584B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:314Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM has_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `has_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN has_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN has_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN has_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN has_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6) ORDER BY a.ordering ASC284μs4.75KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `has_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)130μs584B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:314Copy
  • SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`next_execution` <= :now THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS due_count,SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`locked` IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) AS locked_count FROM `has_scheduler_tasks` AS `a` WHERE `a`.`state` = 1109μs1.37KBParams/administrator/components/com_scheduler/src/Model/TasksModel.php:466Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `has_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?103μs1KBParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:291Copy
  • UPDATE `has_session` SET `data` = ? , `time` = ? WHERE `session_id` = ?1.83ms592BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:318Copy