Most studies of vitamin D, dental health, and caries have focused on children and teenagers. According to a population study published in Nutrients, however, older people also depend on having sufficient amounts of vitamin D to maintain healthy teeth and prevent caries. The authors mention that it is important to have optimal vitamin D status in the blood, but the official guidelines for vitamin D are no guarantee of reaching that level.

Vitamin D is important for our immune defense, mood, blood sugar, cardiovascular system, bone health, and health in general. However, the form of vitamin D that we synthesize in our skin and from supplements is passive and must be converted. First, the liver converts it into the form of vitamin D that is measured in blood tests. Afterwards, the vitamin is converted into the active steroid form that most cells and organs need. This conversion is not possible without magnesium, zinc, and vitamin K. Therefore, plenty of sun exposure or vitamin D supplementation is no guarantee of having enough vitamin D in the blood or being able to utilize the nutrient. You need the other nutrients, as well, according to a review article published in Nutrients.

The essential omega-3 fatty acids support many metabolic processes, especially the two forms, EPA and DHA, which are found in oily fish and fish oil supplements. The concentration of omega-3 in our cells is affected by what we eat and our level of physical activity. Intense physical training can actually lower the cellular content of DHA and increase the concentration of saturated fatty acids, thereby increasing the risk of inflammation, cell damage, and aching joints. This was shown in a study of high performance runners. The researchers therefore recommend taking fish oil as a way of preventing injuries and pain. Fish oil supplementation is generally a good idea if you have inflammation in your joints or other places.

Extreme fatigue, unsuccessful attempts to lose weight, mood swings, dry skin, constipation, swollen throat, and many other symptoms may be a sign of Hashimoto’s disease that slows down the metabolic rate. This thyroid disorder that develops slowly is increasing at a rapid rate. Other thyroid disorders like Graves’ disease that cause hyperthyroidism are also a problem. In a review article published in Nutrients, researchers have looked at how nutrients such as iodine, selenium, iron, zinc, and vitamin D support the thyroid gland, the body’s production of thyroid hormones, and the regulation of chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland. Millions of people around the world lack one or several nutrients that are needed to prevent and treat these common thyroid disorders. Lack of nutrients can also explain why many people receiving medical therapy for their condition aren’t helped. The digestive system and food intolerance may also play a role.

Elevated blood pressure is one of the most widespread, life-threatening cardiovascular diseases. Anti-hypertensive drugs don’t address the underlying cause and are even associated with side effects. Lack of vitamin D, which can cause different cardiovascular diseases, is also quite common. According to a large Spanish population study, having higher levels of vitamin D in the blood can lower the risk of hypertension. In their research paper, the scientists address the mechanisms through which vitamin D is thought to control blood pressure.

Multiple studies have shown that vitamin D plays a key role in gut health by supporting the protective mucosa, the massive gut flora, the intestinal immune defense, and the regulation of inflammatory processes. According to a new review article published in Nutrients, lack of vitamin D, which is quite common, may therefore result in an increased risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which more and more people are affected by.

Magnesium deficiencies are rather common because of our refined diets, and the problem contributes to many diseases. According to a population study published in Diabetes & Metabolism, an adequate dietary magnesium intake lowers the risk of atherosclerosis, heart disease, and early death, especially among type 2 diabetics. The authors say that this knowledge should be included in the dietary guidelines, as type 2 diabetes is linked to cardiovascular disease and shorter lifespan. Type 2 diabetics may also have an increased need for magnesium and may even benefit from supplementation.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common gynecological infection that results in a considerable number of sick days and costs society a lot of money. In severe cases, the condition may lead to chronic pain and even sterility if it is not treated in time. There are different things that can cause the infection, and the diet plays key role in supporting the immune defense. Here, magnesium deficiency, which is quite common, appears to increase the risk, especially among older women, according to a study that is published in Frontiers in Nutrition.