Skip to main content

Selenbristens betydelse för tarmfloran, tarmsjukdomar och psyket

Selenbristens betydelse för tarmfloran, tarmsjukdomar och psyketSelen är ett livsviktigt spårämne som har avgörande betydelse för den allmänna hälsan. Det tyder också på att selen har betydelse för tarmfloran, och att selenbrist kan öka risken för irritabel tjocktarm, inflammatoriska tarmsjukdomar som Crohns sjukdom och ulcerös kolit samt tarmcancer. Eftersom tarmen betraktas som den ”tredje hjärnan” har även tarmfloran och matsmältningen stor betydelse för vårt psykiska välbefinnande. Detta framgår av en översiktsartikel publicerad i Frontiers in Nutrition. Författarnas fokus på selen beror på att selenbrist är utbrett i Kina, Europa och på många andra platser. Därför kan det vara relevant med tillskott.

Det är ett antal forskare från Wuhan i Kina som ligger bakom den nya översiktsartikeln. I denna framgår det att den enorma tarmfloran består av mer än 100 biljoner mikroorganismer som omfattar bakterier, virus, svampar och protozoer. Tarmfloran kodar mer än tre miljoner gener, och den utför en lång rad livsviktiga processer. På så sätt tjänar den friska tarmfloran oss bland annat genom att:

  • Säkerställa ett bra upptag av näringsämnen i kosten.
  • Bilda vitaminer och enzymer.
  • Bilda neurotransmittorn serotonin.
  • Producera mjölksyror och upprätthålla ett normalt pH-värde.
  • Tränga undan skadliga mikroorganismer.
  • Omsätta svårsmälta kolhydrater (fibrer).

Det visar sig också att de olika mikroorganismerna i tarmfloran bör ingå i en hårfin balans för att upprätthålla den livsviktiga samexistensen som också kallas symbios.
Om den symbiotiska balansen i tarmfloran rubbas av olika anledningar kan dysbios uppstå, då vissa arter undertrycks och andra arter dominerar. Det kan till exempel handla om att lokala bakterier och svampar förökar sig, sprids och bland annat skapar grogrund för dålig matsmältning och lokala infektioner. Olika former av inflammatoriska tarmsjukdomar (IBD) som Crohns sjukdom och ulcerös kolit kan också förekomma. Dysbios i tarmfloran är också en central faktor i utvecklingen av många andra sjukdomar som cancer, diarré och autism.
Dysbioser i tarmfloran kan orsakas av många faktorer som antibiotika, ohälsosam kost, brist på fibrer, vissa typer av läkemedel, stress och brist på näringsämnen. I det sammanhanget har forskarna från Wuhan tittat närmare på betydelsen av selen, eftersom bristen är så utbredd.

Hur påverkar selen hälsan, tarmfloran, inflammationer och psyket?

Sammantaget har selen betydelse för energiomsättningen, ämnesomsättningen, immunförsvaret och många andra funktioner.
Selen ingår i cirka 25 olika selenoproteiner, som bland annat fungerar som enzymer och antioxidanter. Här måste särskilt nämnas den viktiga antioxidanten GPX som motverkar oxidativ stress och cellskador orsakade av fria radikaler.
När det gäller tarmfloran har selen betydelse för vissa bakteriers enzymfunktioner. Sammantaget tyder detta på att selen har en direkt inverkan på tarmflorans beskaffenhet. Det tyder också på att en särskild selenrik mjölksyrabakterie, Lactobacillus rhamnosus SHA113, kan motverka skador på tarmen genom att bilda en olöslig skyddande förening.
Selen har betydelse för immunförsvaret i tarmen, vilket bland annat ska hantera patogener och toxiner från maten. Samtidigt motverkar selen uppkomsten av olämpliga inflammationstillstånd i tarmen. Selenets antiinflammatoriska effekt beror bland annat på att särskilda vita blodkroppar (makrofager) använder selen för att övergå från att vara proinflammatoriska till att vara antiinflammatoriska. Det gör också att tarmepitelcellerna, som fungerar som en barriär, kan återhämta sig snabbare.
Författarna kommer in på att tarmen anses vara den ”tredje hjärnan” och att tarmfloran och matsmältningen har stor betydelse för vårt psykiska välbefinnande. Den friska tarmfloran producerar bland annat vissa B-vitaminer, enzymer och signalsubstansen serotonin, som sammantaget kan ha en påverkan på humöret. Det är också välkänt att förstoppning kan påverka humöret. Det beror på att toxiner som borde utsöndras med avföringen i stället återupptas i blodet från tjocktarmen, så att man förgiftar sig själv.
Forskarna bakom den nya översiktsartikeln drar slutsatsen att selenbrist kan förändra den friska bakteriefloran i negativ riktning, så att inflammatoriska tarmsjukdomar, ämnesomsättningssjukdomar, cancer och andra sjukdomar lättare utvecklas. Även om det finns omfattande forskning på området råder det fortfarande osäkerhet kring den optimala mängden selen för tarmfloran. Det beror bland annat på att de flesta bakterierna är svårodlade i tarmfloran.

Selenbrist och tarmsjukdomar

I Europa är tjocktarmscancer en av de främsta orsakerna till cancerdöd. Under 2015 undersökte forskare från 10 europeiska länder sambandet mellan selenbrist och tjocktarmscancer hos över en halv miljon människor. Studien visade att en låg nivå av selen i blodet hänger samman med en ökad risk att utveckla tjocktarmscancer, och att en hög nivå av selen i blodet minskar risken.
Experter från Penn State University i USA har funnit att låga selennivåer i blodet är förbundna med en större risk att utveckla inflammatoriska tarmsjukdomar som Crohns sjukdom och ulcerös kolit.

Var finns selen och varför är brist så vanligt?

De bästa källorna till selen är vanligtvis spannmål, inälvsmat, kött, fisk och nötter, i synnerhet paranötter. Men jorden är selenfattig i 72 procent av Kina samt Europa och på många andra platser. Detta återspeglas i grödorna och är en stor anledning till att selenintaget varierar med hundratals procent på olika platser på jorden.
Författarna bakom den nya översiktsartikeln kommer därför fram till att det kan bli nödvändigt att ta tillskott, där de organiska formerna är lättare att ta upp och utnyttja.
Det finns tillskott med 100 mikrogram på marknaden. I de flesta studier har man gett 100–200 mikrogram. Och enligt WHO ligger den övre säkra gränsen på 400 mikrogram per dag.

Referenser

Jinzhong Cai et al. Advances in the study of selenium and human intestinal bacteria. Frontiers in Nutrition. 14 December 2022.

  • Skapad
8.643MBMemory Usage253msRequest Duration
Joomla! Version4.4.4
PHP Version8.3.6
Identityguest
Response200
Templateyootheme
Database
Server
mysql
Version
8.0.40-0ubuntu0.24.04.1
Collation
latin1_swedish_ci
Conn Collation
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
$_GET
[]
$_POST
[]
$_SESSION
array:1 [ "joomla" => "***redacted***" ]
$_COOKIE
[]
$_SERVER
array:46 [ "REDIRECT_HTTP_AUTHORIZATION" => "" "REDIRECT_HTTPS" => "on" "REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI"...
session
array:3 [ "counter" => 1 "timer" => array:3 [ "start" => 1739348416 "last" => 1739348416...
registry
array:3 [ "data" => [] "initialized" => false "separator" => "." ]
user
array:18 [ "id" => 0 "name" => null "username" => null "email" => null "password" => "***r...
plg_system_languagefilter
array:1 [ "language" => "sv-SE" ]
  • afterLoad (456.41KB) (2.33ms)
  • afterInitialise (1.27MB) (20.83ms)
  • afterRoute (906.15KB) (10.24ms)
  • beforeRenderComponent com_content (23.22KB) (365μs)
  • Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (33.44KB) (1.27ms)
  • After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (97.34KB) (1.1ms)
  • Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.6KB) (14μs)
  • After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (3.2MB) (10.77ms)
  • Before Access::getAssetRules (id:7933 name:com_content.article.3933) (130.65KB) (115μs)
  • After Access::getAssetRules (id:7933 name:com_content.article.3933) (7.38KB) (64μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (GO GOOGLE) (1.4MB) (56.2ms)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (GO GOOGLE) (4.38KB) (214μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom (GO GOOGLE) (720B) (4μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom (GO GOOGLE) (4.43KB) (79μs)
  • afterRenderComponent com_content (49.14KB) (17.92ms)
  • Before Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (50.03KB) (5.61ms)
  • After Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (6.17KB) (28μs)
  • afterDispatch (17.7KB) (974μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (LÄS MER...) (32.21KB) (485μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (LÄS MER...) (71.59KB) (90.4ms)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (Stärk immunförsvaret) (6.45KB) (27μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (Stärk immunförsvaret) (912B) (44μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (Kontrollera Q10-produkten innan du köper den:) (752B) (11μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (Kontrollera Q10-produkten innan du köper den:) (944B) (23μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_articles_category (LÄS MER...) (272.94KB) (4.45ms)
  • afterRenderModule mod_articles_category (LÄS MER...) (1.25KB) (58μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom (Stärk immunförsvaret) (6.83KB) (15μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom (Stärk immunförsvaret) (1.27KB) (25μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom (Kontrollera Q10-produkten innan du köper den:) (368B) (10μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom (Kontrollera Q10-produkten innan du köper den:) (1.3KB) (22μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (13.77KB) (1.36ms)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (134.69KB) (2.57ms)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (720B) (4μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (5.61KB) (62μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (3.14KB) (19μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (1.47KB) (2.49ms)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (720B) (5μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (5.31KB) (689μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder () (6.34KB) (12μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_finder () (67.09KB) (4.54ms)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_finder () (704B) (5μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_finder () (3.29KB) (34μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (6.62KB) (142μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (21.95KB) (2.71ms)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom () (704B) (6μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom () (1.23KB) (53μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (4.77KB) (105μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (5.77KB) (588μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (720B) (3μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (1.25KB) (43μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (608B) (15μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (3.89KB) (649μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (720B) (4μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (1.27KB) (36μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder () (2.3KB) (9μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_finder () (6.29KB) (4.76ms)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_finder () (704B) (4μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_finder () (1.23KB) (51μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (8.66KB) (186μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (944B) (143μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom () (704B) (3μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom () (2.43KB) (920μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (688B) (108μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (896B) (126μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_custom () (704B) (3μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_custom () (5.21KB) (27μs)
  • afterRender (205.84KB) (3.6ms)
  • 1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (LÄS MER...) (71.59KB) (35.67%)
    90.40ms
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (GO GOOGLE) (1.4MB) (22.18%)
    56.20ms
    1 x afterInitialise (1.27MB) (8.22%)
    20.83ms
    1 x afterRenderComponent com_content (49.14KB) (7.07%)
    17.92ms
    1 x After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (3.2MB) (4.25%)
    10.77ms
    1 x afterRoute (906.15KB) (4.04%)
    10.24ms
    1 x Before Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (50.03KB) (2.22%)
    5.61ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_finder () (6.29KB) (1.88%)
    4.76ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_finder () (67.09KB) (1.79%)
    4.54ms
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_articles_category (LÄS MER...) (272.94KB) (1.76%)
    4.45ms
    1 x afterRender (205.84KB) (1.42%)
    3.60ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (21.95KB) (1.07%)
    2.71ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (134.69KB) (1.01%)
    2.57ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (1.47KB) (0.98%)
    2.49ms
    1 x afterLoad (456.41KB) (0.92%)
    2.33ms
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (13.77KB) (0.54%)
    1.36ms
    1 x Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (33.44KB) (0.5%)
    1.27ms
    1 x After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (97.34KB) (0.44%)
    1.10ms
    1 x afterDispatch (17.7KB) (0.38%)
    974μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom () (2.43KB) (0.36%)
    920μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (5.31KB) (0.27%)
    689μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (3.89KB) (0.26%)
    649μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (5.77KB) (0.23%)
    588μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (LÄS MER...) (32.21KB) (0.19%)
    485μs
    1 x beforeRenderComponent com_content (23.22KB) (0.14%)
    365μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (GO GOOGLE) (4.38KB) (0.08%)
    214μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (8.66KB) (0.07%)
    186μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (944B) (0.06%)
    143μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (6.62KB) (0.06%)
    142μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom () (896B) (0.05%)
    126μs
    1 x Before Access::getAssetRules (id:7933 name:com_content.article.3933) (130.65KB) (0.05%)
    115μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom () (688B) (0.04%)
    108μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (4.77KB) (0.04%)
    105μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom (GO GOOGLE) (4.43KB) (0.03%)
    79μs
    1 x After Access::getAssetRules (id:7933 name:com_content.article.3933) (7.38KB) (0.03%)
    64μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (5.61KB) (0.02%)
    62μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_articles_category (LÄS MER...) (1.25KB) (0.02%)
    58μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom () (1.23KB) (0.02%)
    53μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_finder () (1.23KB) (0.02%)
    51μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (Stärk immunförsvaret) (912B) (0.02%)
    44μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (1.25KB) (0.02%)
    43μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (1.27KB) (0.01%)
    36μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_finder () (3.29KB) (0.01%)
    34μs
    1 x After Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (6.17KB) (0.01%)
    28μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (Stärk immunförsvaret) (6.45KB) (0.01%)
    27μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom () (5.21KB) (0.01%)
    27μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom (Stärk immunförsvaret) (1.27KB) (0.01%)
    25μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_custom (Kontrollera Q10-produkten innan du köper den:) (944B) (0.01%)
    23μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_custom (Kontrollera Q10-produkten innan du köper den:) (1.3KB) (0.01%)
    22μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (3.14KB) (0.01%)
    19μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_custom (Stärk immunförsvaret) (6.83KB) (0.01%)
    15μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (608B) (0.01%)
    15μs
    1 x Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.6KB) (0.01%)
    14μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder () (6.34KB) (0%)
    12μs
    3 x beforeRenderModule mod_custom () (704B) (0%)
    12μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_custom (Kontrollera Q10-produkten innan du köper den:) (752B) (0%)
    11μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_custom (Kontrollera Q10-produkten innan du köper den:) (368B) (0%)
    10μs
    2 x beforeRenderModule mod_finder () (704B) (0%)
    9μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder () (2.3KB) (0%)
    9μs
    2 x beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu_Svensk) (720B) (0%)
    7μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift) (720B) (0%)
    5μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_languages (Sprogskift Mobil) (720B) (0%)
    4μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_custom (GO GOOGLE) (720B) (0%)
    4μs
42 statements were executed, 9 of which were duplicates, 33 unique133ms1.12MB
  • SELECT @@SESSION.sql_mode;38μs968B/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:334Copy
  • SELECT `data` FROM `has_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?317μs1008BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:261Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `has_session` WHERE `session_id` = :session_id LIMIT 176μs1.3KBParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:187Copy
  • INSERT INTO `has_session` (`session_id`,`guest`,`time`,`userid`,`username`,`client_id`) VALUES (:session_id, :guest, :time, :user_id, :username, :client_id)1.41ms944BParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:260Copy
  • SELECT `extension_id` AS `id`,`element` AS `option`,`params`,`enabled` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'component' AND `state` = 0 AND `enabled` = 1292μs1.61KB/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:399Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`rules` FROM `has_viewlevels`76μs656B/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:955Copy
  • SELECT `b`.`id` FROM `has_usergroups` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `has_usergroups` AS `b` ON `b`.`lft` <= `a`.`lft` AND `b`.`rgt` >= `a`.`rgt` WHERE `a`.`id` = :guest303μs1.33KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:868Copy
  • SELECT `folder` AS `type`,`element` AS `name`,`params` AS `params`,`extension_id` AS `id` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `enabled` = 1 AND `type` = 'plugin' AND `state` IN (0,1) AND `access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) ORDER BY `ordering`494μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:294Copy
  • SELECT * FROM `has_languages` WHERE `published` = 1 ORDER BY `ordering` ASC338μs2.33KB/libraries/src/Language/LanguageHelper.php:142Copy
  • SELECT `element`,`name`,`client_id`,`extension_id` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'language' AND `state` = 0 AND `enabled` = 1123μs1008B/libraries/src/Language/LanguageHelper.php:213Copy
  • SELECT * FROM has_rsform_config160μs1.06KB/administrator/components/com_rsform/helpers/config.php:52Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`menutype`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`alias`,`m`.`note`,`m`.`link`,`m`.`type`,`m`.`level`,`m`.`language`,`m`.`browserNav`,`m`.`access`,`m`.`params`,`m`.`home`,`m`.`img`,`m`.`template_style_id`,`m`.`component_id`,`m`.`parent_id`,`m`.`path` AS `route`,`e`.`element` AS `component` FROM `has_menu` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `has_extensions` AS `e` ON `m`.`component_id` = `e`.`extension_id` WHERE ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `m`.`parent_id` > 0 AND `m`.`client_id` = 0) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :currentDate1)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :currentDate2) ORDER BY `m`.`lft`762μs165.8KBParams/libraries/src/Menu/SiteMenu.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`288μs3.92KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`home`,`template`,`s`.`params`,`inheritable`,`parent` FROM `has_template_styles` AS `s` LEFT JOIN `has_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `s`.`template` AND `e`.`type` = 'template' AND `e`.`client_id` = `s`.`client_id` WHERE `s`.`client_id` = 0 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1141μs848B/administrator/components/com_templates/src/Model/StyleModel.php:773Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `has_assets` WHERE `name` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7,:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9,:preparedArray10,:preparedArray11,:preparedArray12,:preparedArray13,:preparedArray14,:preparedArray15,:preparedArray16,:preparedArray17,:preparedArray18,:preparedArray19,:preparedArray20,:preparedArray21,:preparedArray22,:preparedArray23,:preparedArray24,:preparedArray25,:preparedArray26,:preparedArray27,:preparedArray28,:preparedArray29,:preparedArray30,:preparedArray31,:preparedArray32,:preparedArray33,:preparedArray34,:preparedArray35,:preparedArray36,:preparedArray37,:preparedArray38,:preparedArray39,:preparedArray40)366μs7.44KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:357Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `has_assets` WHERE `name` LIKE :asset OR `name` = :extension OR `parent_id` = 04.79ms397.48KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:301Copy
  • SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `has_content`1.79ms3.02KB/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:625Copy
  • UPDATE `has_content` SET `hits` = (`hits` + 1) WHERE `id` = '3933'2.13ms48B/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:1325Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `has_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `has_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0 AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)1.51ms22.19KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`1.18ms3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`tag_id`,`t`.* FROM `has_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `has_tags` AS `t` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` WHERE `m`.`type_alias` = :contentType AND `m`.`content_item_id` = :id AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)4.74ms4.08KBParams/libraries/src/Helper/TagsHelper.php:388Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`360μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM has_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `has_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN has_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN has_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN has_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN has_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id LEFT JOIN `has_fields_categories` AS fc ON fc.field_id = a.id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND (`fc`.`category_id` IS NULL OR `fc`.`category_id` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3)) AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9) ORDER BY a.ordering ASC371μs4.81KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id3.67ms1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id92μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`module`,`m`.`position`,`m`.`content`,`m`.`showtitle`,`m`.`params`,`mm`.`menuid` FROM `has_modules` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `has_modules_menu` AS `mm` ON `mm`.`moduleid` = `m`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `m`.`module` AND `e`.`client_id` = `m`.`client_id` WHERE ( ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1 AND `m`.`client_id` = :clientId AND `m`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown)) AND (`mm`.`menuid` = :itemId OR `mm`.`menuid` <= 0) AND `m`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) ORDER BY `m`.`position`,`m`.`ordering`3.97ms212.84KBParams/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:51Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`language`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`a`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `a`.`id`, `a`.`alias`) ELSE a.id END AS `slug`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`cc`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `cc`.`id`, `cc`.`alias`) ELSE cc.id END AS `catslug` FROM `has_content` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `cc` ON `cc`.`id` = `a`.`catid` WHERE `a`.`catid` = :catid AND `a`.`state` = :state AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND (`publish_up` IS NULL OR `publish_up` <= :nowDate1) AND (`publish_down` IS NULL OR `publish_down` >= :nowDate2) AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) ORDER BY CASE WHEN `a`.`publish_up` IS NULL THEN `a`.`created` ELSE `a`.`publish_up` END DESC9.99ms109.75KBParams/plugins/content/pagenavigation/src/Extension/PageNavigation.php:188Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`316μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT custom_data FROM has_extensions WHERE element = 'yootheme' AND folder = 'system' LIMIT 1133μs536B/templates/yootheme/packages/platform-joomla/src/Storage.php:30Copy
  • SELECT `language`,`id` FROM `has_menu` WHERE `home` = '1' AND `published` = 1 AND `client_id` = 0314μs704B/libraries/src/Language/Multilanguage.php:123Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id95μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `alias` FROM `has_content` WHERE `id` = :id336μs1.31KBParams/components/com_content/src/Service/Router.php:168Copy
  • SELECT `c2`.`language`,CONCAT_WS(':', `c2`.`id`, `c2`.`alias`) AS `id`,CONCAT_WS(':', `ca`.`id`, `ca`.`alias`) AS `catid` FROM `has_content` AS `c` INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a` ON `a`.`id` = `c`.`id` AND `a`.`context` = :context INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a2` ON `a`.`key` = `a2`.`key` INNER JOIN `has_content` AS `c2` ON `a2`.`id` = `c2`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `ca` ON `c2`.`catid` = `ca`.`id` AND `ca`.`extension` = :extension2 WHERE `c`.`id` = :id AND c2.access IN (1,5) AND c2.language != 'sv-SE' AND (c2.publish_up IS NULL OR c2.publish_up <= '2025-02-12 08:20:16') AND (c2.publish_down IS NULL OR c2.publish_down >= '2025-02-12 08:20:16') AND c2.state = 1276μs3.97KBParams/libraries/src/Language/Associations.php:145Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,CASE WHEN `a`.`publish_up` IS NULL THEN `a`.`created` ELSE `a`.`publish_up` END AS `publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,LENGTH(`a`.`fulltext`) AS `readmore`,`a`.`ordering`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,CASE WHEN `c`.`published` = 2 AND `a`.`state` > 0 THEN 2 WHEN `c`.`published` != 1 THEN 0 ELSE `a`.`state` END AS `state`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`path` AS `category_route`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`published` AS `parents_published`,`c`.`lft`,CASE WHEN `a`.`created_by_alias` > ' ' THEN `a`.`created_by_alias` ELSE `ua`.`name` END AS `author`,`ua`.`email` AS `author_email`,`uam`.`name` AS `modified_by_name`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,COALESCE(NULLIF(ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1), 0), 0) AS `rating`,COALESCE(NULLIF(`v`.`rating_count`, 0), 0) AS `rating_count` FROM `has_content` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `ua` ON `ua`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `uam` ON `uam`.`id` = `a`.`modified_by` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `a`.`state` = :condition AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6) ORDER BY RAND() ASC LIMIT 1084.85ms167.16KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `c2`.`language`,`c2`.`id` FROM `has_menu` AS `c` INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a` ON `a`.`id` = `c`.`id` AND `a`.`context` = :context INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a2` ON `a`.`key` = `a2`.`key` INNER JOIN `has_menu` AS `c2` ON `a2`.`id` = `c2`.`id` WHERE `c`.`id` = :id154μs1.38KBParams/libraries/src/Language/Associations.php:145Copy
  • SELECT `name`,`element` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'plugin' AND `folder` = 'finder' AND `enabled` = 1170μs640B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Helper/LanguageHelper.php:135Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `has_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)1.13ms584B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:314Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM has_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `has_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN has_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN has_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN has_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN has_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6) ORDER BY a.ordering ASC1.38ms4.75KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `has_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)153μs584B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:314Copy
  • SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`next_execution` <= :now THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS due_count,SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`locked` IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) AS locked_count FROM `has_scheduler_tasks` AS `a` WHERE `a`.`state` = 1172μs1.37KBParams/administrator/components/com_scheduler/src/Model/TasksModel.php:466Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `has_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?984μs1KBParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:291Copy
  • UPDATE `has_session` SET `data` = ? , `time` = ? WHERE `session_id` = ?2.99ms592BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:318Copy