Vitamin- og mineral guiden

Kobber (Cu)

Kobber (Cu)Kobber er et livsvigtigt sporstof. En voksen indeholder cirka 100-150 mg, og det meste findes i leveren, hjernen, nyrerne og hjertet. Fostre og nyfødte har et særlig højt indhold i leveren, og det antages at fungere som lager under amningen, da mængden i modermælk er ret lav.

Funktioner og betydning for

Mangler og dårlig udnyttelse forårsages af

Mangelsymptomer

Forekommer sjældent, men kan medføre:

Menkes sygdom (medfødt mangelsygdom)
Skyldes nedsat optagelse fra mavetarmkanalen. Der kan optræde

Kilder

De fleste fødeemner, hvor der også findes jern. Især lever, anden indmad og kød samt nødder, fuldkornsprodukter, skaldyr, bønner og mørk chokolade.

Rå østers 8
Okselever 5
Valnødder og mandler 1
Brune bønner 0,5

Anbefalet daglig tilførsel

Man ved ikke præcist, hvor meget kobber kroppen har brug for, men ADT er sat til:
Voksne 11 år og opefter: 1 mg
Børn 1-10 år: 0,34 mg

Øget behov

Forekommer sjældent, men ved omtalte mangelsygdomme. Tilskud anbefales kun, hvis der er konstateret kobbermangel.
Voksne: Højest 3 mg pr dag
Børn: Højest 1 mg pr dag.

Overdosering – bivirkninger

Kobber er giftigt i større doser og kan medføre:

Større doser på flere gram kan medføre:

Wilsons syndrom (arvelig sygdom med for meget kobber)

Skyldes sygelig kobberomsætning og udvikles kun, hvis begge forældre har gener herfor. Sygdommen behandles med kobberfattig kost og penicillamin, som binder kobber og forhindrer optagelse.
Ubehandlet er sygdommen dødelig, og den medfører:

Vigtigt at vide

Kroppens indhold af kobber bør være i balance med zink.

Drikkevand forurenet med kobber fra vandrør kan give diarre – især hos nyfødte og småbørn. Vand fra den varme hane kan lettere optage kobber fra vandrørene. Derfor tilrådes det kun at indtage vand fra den kolde hane og gerne lade det løbe lidt forinden. Især, hvis der ikke har været åbnet for hanen i lang tid.

Lad ikke maden komme i kontakt med kobber fra ikke-galvaniserede gryder og lignende. Kobber frigøres især fra syreholdige emner som eddike, citron og vin.

P-piller og østrogenbehandling efter overgangsalderen kan øge blodets indhold af kobber.
NSAID præparater (fx mod gigt og smerter) kan forstærke virkningen af kobber.

Farvestoffet E141, der giver blågrønne, blåsorte farver indeholder kobber.

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