Magnesium beskytter mod hoftebrud

Magnesium beskytter mod hoftebrudEn undersøgelse fra Norge har vist at drikkevand med et relativt højt magnesiumindhold kan nedsætte risikoen for hoftebrud. Derimod fandt forskerne ingen uafhængig, forebyggende effekt af vandets calciumindhold. Selv om undersøgelsen er lavet i Norge, er flere problemstillinger også relevante i Danmark.

I Norge har man en høj forekomst af hoftebrud, og det står værst til i byerne. Befolkningens indtag af calcium anses for at være tilstrækkelig, fordi de også i Norge har en høj indtagelse af mælkeprodukter. De norske sundhedsmyndigheder anser generelt også befolkningens magnesium-indtagelse for at være tilstrækkelig, men erkender at den kan være for lav for visse grupper, så som hos de ældre.

Den væsentligste kilde til magnesium er kosten, men drikkevandets naturlige indhold af calcium- og magnesium-salte udgør en lav, men vedvarende kilde til disse to vigtige mineraler, ikke mindst fordi mineraler opløst i vand har en generelt, høj optagelighed i kroppen.

Magnesium-mangel skader knoglerne

Magnesium er kendt for direkte at stimulere knogledannelse og øge knoglestyrken ud over at have en virkning på produktionen af skjoldbruskkirtel-hormon og calcium-stofskiftet. Mangel på magnesium kan være forbundet med et nedsat indhold af D-vitamin i blodet og derfor også en nedsat optagelse af calcium fra tarmen. Derudover har magnesiummangel vist sig at fremme nogle betændelsesfremmende signalstoffer kaldet cytokiner, der øger nedbrydningen af mineraler i knoglerne og sender dem ud i blodet. Det sker blandt andet ved at stimulere en særlig type celler kaldet osteoclaster, som hæfter til knoglevævet og udskiller syre og enzymer, hvorved knoglevævet nedbrydes.

Mineralfattigt drikkevand

I Norge drikker man vand fra hanen lige som i Danmark. Indtagelsen af flaskevand er relativt lav, idet den i gennemsnit udgjorde 18 liter årligt per indbygger i perioden 1994-2003. Problemet med vand fra hanen er, at det kolde klima og grundfjeldet medfører, at der kun frigives ganske lave mængde calcium og magnesium samt andre mineraler til grundvandet. Derfor er det norske drikkevand generelt blødt og syrligt om end der der store geografiske forskelle på drikkevandets kvalitet.

Færre hoftebrud på landet

I perioden 1986-1991 blev vand fra 556 norske vandværker der forsyner 64% af befolkningen med drikkevand undersøgt for indholdet af spormineraler. Dette blev sammenholdt geografisk med data fra landets hospitaler over hoftebrud i perioden 1994-2000. De viste, at der i denne periode var 5472 mænd og 13.604 kvinder i alderen 50-85 år der haft fået et hoftebrud. Der var flest hoftebrud i byerne sammenlignet med landdistrikterne. Det er uklart hvorfor.

Konklusion

Undersøgelsen viste dog, at et lavt indhold af magnesium i drikkevandet gav et højt antal hoftebrud. Denne sammenhæng var i øvrigt mest markant for mænd. Forskerne slutter med at konkludere, at magnesium i drikkevandet kan have en beskyttende rolle mod hoftebrud, men også at der er brug for flere undersøgelser.

Ref.

Dahl C, et al . Nationwide data on municipal drinking water and hip fracture: Could calcium and magnesium be protective? A NOREPOS study. Bone 2013;57(1):84–91

Kommentar

Det er værd at bemærke, at undersøgelsen viste højere gavn af magnesium til mænd end til kvinder. Kan det skyldes at mænd generelt spiser færre magnesiumrige grøntsager end kvinder?

 

J! InfoRequestSessionProfileQueries29
7.298MBMemory Usage181msRequest Duration
Joomla! Version4.4.4
PHP Version8.3.6
Identityguest
Response200
Templatecassiopeia
Database
Server
mysql
Version
8.0.40-0ubuntu0.24.04.1
Collation
latin1_swedish_ci
Conn Collation
utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
$_GET
array:9 [ "option" => "com_content" "view" => "article" "id" => "184:magnesium-beskytter-mod-h...
$_POST
[]
$_SESSION
array:1 [ "joomla" => "***redacted***" ]
$_COOKIE
[]
$_SERVER
array:41 [ "HTTP_AUTHORIZATION" => "" "HTTPS" => "on" "SSL_TLS_SNI" => "healthandscience.eu" ...
session
array:3 [ "counter" => 1 "timer" => array:3 [ "start" => 1752289808 "last" => 1752289808...
registry
array:3 [ "data" => [] "initialized" => false "separator" => "." ]
user
array:18 [ "id" => 0 "name" => null "username" => null "email" => null "password" => "***r...
plg_system_languagefilter
array:1 [ "language" => "da-DK" ]
  • afterLoad (456.05KB) (3.57ms)
  • afterInitialise (1.28MB) (43.86ms)
  • afterRoute (533.41KB) (10.46ms)
  • beforeRenderComponent com_content (35.33KB) (4.02ms)
  • Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (63.05KB) (1.45ms)
  • After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (97.34KB) (5.72ms)
  • Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.6KB) (17μs)
  • After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (3.29MB) (20.59ms)
  • Before Access::getAssetRules (id:209 name:com_content.article.184) (130.65KB) (96μs)
  • After Access::getAssetRules (id:209 name:com_content.article.184) (7.38KB) (4.15ms)
  • afterRenderComponent com_content (1.03MB) (70.83ms)
  • Before Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (18.23KB) (3.9ms)
  • After Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (6.17KB) (27μs)
  • afterDispatch (30.03KB) (2.02ms)
  • afterRender (255.77KB) (8.75ms)
  • 1 x afterRenderComponent com_content (1.03MB) (39.1%)
    70.83ms
    1 x afterInitialise (1.28MB) (24.21%)
    43.86ms
    1 x After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (3.29MB) (11.37%)
    20.59ms
    1 x afterRoute (533.41KB) (5.77%)
    10.46ms
    1 x afterRender (255.77KB) (4.83%)
    8.75ms
    1 x After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (97.34KB) (3.16%)
    5.72ms
    1 x After Access::getAssetRules (id:209 name:com_content.article.184) (7.38KB) (2.29%)
    4.15ms
    1 x beforeRenderComponent com_content (35.33KB) (2.22%)
    4.02ms
    1 x Before Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (18.23KB) (2.15%)
    3.90ms
    1 x afterLoad (456.05KB) (1.97%)
    3.57ms
    1 x afterDispatch (30.03KB) (1.11%)
    2.02ms
    1 x Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (63.05KB) (0.8%)
    1.45ms
    1 x Before Access::getAssetRules (id:209 name:com_content.article.184) (130.65KB) (0.05%)
    96μs
    1 x After Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (6.17KB) (0.01%)
    27μs
    1 x Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.6KB) (0.01%)
    17μs
29 statements were executed, 3 of which were duplicates, 26 unique58.79ms659.4KB
UniquesDuplicates 1
  • SELECT @@SESSION.sql_mode;153μs968B/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:334Copy
  • SELECT `data` FROM `has_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?662μs1008BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:261Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `has_session` WHERE `session_id` = :session_id LIMIT 1380μs1.3KBParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:187Copy
  • INSERT INTO `has_session` (`session_id`,`guest`,`time`,`userid`,`username`,`client_id`) VALUES (:session_id, :guest, :time, :user_id, :username, :client_id)1.54ms944BParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:260Copy
  • SELECT `extension_id` AS `id`,`element` AS `option`,`params`,`enabled` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'component' AND `state` = 0 AND `enabled` = 1234μs1.61KB/libraries/src/Component/ComponentHelper.php:399Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`rules` FROM `has_viewlevels`169μs656B/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:955Copy
  • SELECT `b`.`id` FROM `has_usergroups` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `has_usergroups` AS `b` ON `b`.`lft` <= `a`.`lft` AND `b`.`rgt` >= `a`.`rgt` WHERE `a`.`id` = :guest934μs1.33KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:868Copy
  • SELECT `folder` AS `type`,`element` AS `name`,`params` AS `params`,`extension_id` AS `id` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `enabled` = 1 AND `type` = 'plugin' AND `state` IN (0,1) AND `access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) ORDER BY `ordering`791μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Plugin/PluginHelper.php:294Copy
  • SELECT * FROM `has_languages` WHERE `published` = 1 ORDER BY `ordering` ASC164μs2.33KB/libraries/src/Language/LanguageHelper.php:142Copy
  • SELECT `element`,`name`,`client_id`,`extension_id` FROM `has_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'language' AND `state` = 0 AND `enabled` = 1242μs1008B/libraries/src/Language/LanguageHelper.php:213Copy
  • SELECT * FROM has_rsform_config2.43ms1.06KB/administrator/components/com_rsform/helpers/config.php:52Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`menutype`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`alias`,`m`.`note`,`m`.`link`,`m`.`type`,`m`.`level`,`m`.`language`,`m`.`browserNav`,`m`.`access`,`m`.`params`,`m`.`home`,`m`.`img`,`m`.`template_style_id`,`m`.`component_id`,`m`.`parent_id`,`m`.`path` AS `route`,`e`.`element` AS `component` FROM `has_menu` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `has_extensions` AS `e` ON `m`.`component_id` = `e`.`extension_id` WHERE ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `m`.`parent_id` > 0 AND `m`.`client_id` = 0) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :currentDate1)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :currentDate2) ORDER BY `m`.`lft`1.02ms165.8KBParams/libraries/src/Menu/SiteMenu.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`home`,`template`,`s`.`params`,`inheritable`,`parent` FROM `has_template_styles` AS `s` LEFT JOIN `has_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `s`.`template` AND `e`.`type` = 'template' AND `e`.`client_id` = `s`.`client_id` WHERE `s`.`client_id` = 0 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1181μs848B/administrator/components/com_templates/src/Model/StyleModel.php:773Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `has_assets` WHERE `name` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7,:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9,:preparedArray10,:preparedArray11,:preparedArray12,:preparedArray13,:preparedArray14,:preparedArray15,:preparedArray16,:preparedArray17,:preparedArray18,:preparedArray19,:preparedArray20,:preparedArray21,:preparedArray22,:preparedArray23,:preparedArray24,:preparedArray25,:preparedArray26,:preparedArray27,:preparedArray28,:preparedArray29,:preparedArray30,:preparedArray31,:preparedArray32,:preparedArray33,:preparedArray34,:preparedArray35,:preparedArray36,:preparedArray37,:preparedArray38,:preparedArray39,:preparedArray40)1.06ms7.44KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:357Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `has_assets` WHERE `name` LIKE :asset OR `name` = :extension OR `parent_id` = 011.99ms417.48KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:301Copy
  • SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `has_content`2.24ms1.77KB/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:625Copy
  • UPDATE `has_content` SET `hits` = (`hits` + 1) WHERE `id` = '184'3.89ms1.3KB/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:1325Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `has_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `has_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `has_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `has_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `has_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0 AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)1.43ms22.19KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`361μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`tag_id`,`t`.* FROM `has_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `has_tags` AS `t` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` WHERE `m`.`type_alias` = :contentType AND `m`.`content_item_id` = :id AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)21.35ms4.08KBParams/libraries/src/Helper/TagsHelper.php:388Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`503μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM has_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `has_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN has_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN has_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN has_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN has_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id LEFT JOIN `has_fields_categories` AS fc ON fc.field_id = a.id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND (`fc`.`category_id` IS NULL OR `fc`.`category_id` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3)) AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform AND `a`.`language` IN (:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9) ORDER BY a.ordering ASC750μs4.81KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:166Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `has_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` < `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt` AND `c`.`language` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) OR (`c`.`lft` <= `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` <= `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`961μs3.98KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT custom_data FROM has_extensions WHERE element = 'yootheme' AND folder = 'system' LIMIT 1156μs536B/templates/yootheme/packages/platform-joomla/src/Storage.php:30Copy
  • SELECT `language`,`id` FROM `has_menu` WHERE `home` = '1' AND `published` = 1 AND `client_id` = 0314μs704B/libraries/src/Language/Multilanguage.php:123Copy
  • SELECT `c2`.`language`,CONCAT_WS(':', `c2`.`id`, `c2`.`alias`) AS `id`,CONCAT_WS(':', `ca`.`id`, `ca`.`alias`) AS `catid` FROM `has_content` AS `c` INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a` ON `a`.`id` = `c`.`id` AND `a`.`context` = :context INNER JOIN `has_associations` AS `a2` ON `a`.`key` = `a2`.`key` INNER JOIN `has_content` AS `c2` ON `a2`.`id` = `c2`.`id` INNER JOIN `has_categories` AS `ca` ON `c2`.`catid` = `ca`.`id` AND `ca`.`extension` = :extension2 WHERE `c`.`id` = :id AND c2.access IN (1,5) AND c2.language != 'da-DK' AND (c2.publish_up IS NULL OR c2.publish_up <= '2025-07-12 03:10:08') AND (c2.publish_down IS NULL OR c2.publish_down >= '2025-07-12 03:10:08') AND c2.state = 11.09ms1.52KBParams/libraries/src/Language/Associations.php:145Copy
  • SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`next_execution` <= :now THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS due_count,SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`locked` IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) AS locked_count FROM `has_scheduler_tasks` AS `a` WHERE `a`.`state` = 1118μs1.37KBParams/administrator/components/com_scheduler/src/Model/TasksModel.php:466Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `has_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?98μs1KBParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:291Copy
  • UPDATE `has_session` SET `data` = ? , `time` = ? WHERE `session_id` = ?3.56ms592BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:318Copy